Parkinson’s disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Multiple factors, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, genetic susceptibility, and environmental toxins, contribute to its pathogenesis. Although synthetic drugs like levodopa remain the primary treatment, their long-term use is associated with limitations and side effects. Therefore, herbal, Ayurvedic, and traditional Chinese medicines have gained attention due to their neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and conventional therapies of Parkinson’s disease, with emphasis on natural and traditional medicinal approaches as potential supportive treatments