Brassica nigra and Brassica rapa are the members of Brassica genus (Family: Brassicaceae) which grown in Iraq. The previous studies showed that Brassica nigra possessed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic, antidiabetic and many other pharmacological effects, while, Brassica rapa exerted cytotoxic, mutagenic, hepato-protective, nephro-protective, lung protective, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, immunological, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular and hypolipidemic effects. This review will highlight the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of these plants.